Use of Industrial and Mining Wastes for Backfill in Subsurface Mining Operations

Abstract

The escalating generation of industrial and mining wastes poses significant environmental challenges globally, necessitating sustainable disposal solutions. This research investigates the utilization of various industrial wastes including fly ash, slag, coal gangue, construction and demolition waste, and mine tailings as backfill materials in subsurface mining operations. The study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties, environmental sustainability, and economic feasibility of waste-based backfill composites. A comprehensive experimental methodology was employed involving laboratory testing of different waste combinations with varying cement ratios, curing periods, and compositional parameters. Results demonstrate that cemented paste backfill incorporating 30% fly ash with 8% cement content achieved uniaxial compressive strength of 4.95 MPa after 28 days curing, meeting mining industry requirements. Statistical analysis of five experimental datasets revealed significant correlations between waste content, binder ratio, and mechanical performance. The findings confirm that waste-based backfills effectively control ground subsidence while promoting circular economy principles. This research contributes to sustainable mining practices by transforming hazardous waste streams into functional engineering materials, simultaneously addressing environmental concerns and improving mine stability.

DOI:  https://doi-ds.org/doilink/10.2025-87317652