A Study On Synthesis With Respect To Characterizations And Applications Of Various Types Of Nanoparticles And Composites
Keywords:
Nanoparticles; Nanocomposites; Green Synthesis; Chemical Reduction; Sol–Gel Method; Hydrothermal Synthesis; Metal Oxide Nanoparticles; Polymer Nanocomposites; Carbon-Based Nanomaterials etc.Abstract
Nanoparticles and nanocomposites have emerged as transformative materials due to their superior physicochemical, mechanical, catalytic, and biological properties. This study presents a systematic investigation into the synthesis, characterization techniques, and multi-dimensional applications of metallic, metal oxide, polymeric, carbon-based nanoparticles, and hybrid nanocomposites. Emphasis is placed on green synthesis approaches, physiochemical modifications, and structure–property relationships. Characterization tools such as XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, AFM, TGA, DLS, and Raman spectroscopy are examined in detail to understand morphological, structural, optical, and thermal behaviors. The study also reviews cutting-edge applications in catalysis, drug delivery, energy storage, environmental remediation, biosensing, antimicrobial activity, and smart materials. The findings underscore the tremendous potential of nanoparticles and composites in developing sustainable, efficient, and technologically advanced systems.
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